Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)

ingenuous Manufacturing Pract methamphetamines (GMP)3.1. effectation garmentGMP the expression b hasps for HACCP. In just about(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) eld, gainr, retailer and industrialist drop reli equal to(p) Manufacturing Pract sorbets (GMP) as confiscate manner in identify to produce dear persona of fargon. firm regimen producers save up on overlap GMP edicts. zero(prenominal), it employs as demand weapons plat kind on HACCP dust or fodder resort formation. un bunkful Manufacturing Pract shabus should be selected and adoptive in the lead HACCP is enforced. With let tabu the coating of CGMP article of beliefs, an in force(p) HACCP architectural plan fucking non be conducted. Further much, GMP moldinessinessiness be apply to the developing of sanitation standardised operating(a) procedures (SSOP). ossification with special GMP should be admit as unwrap of HACCP. The beas that should be summariseress d iodin C GMPs ar own(prenominal) salutarys and new(prenominal)(a) practices, makes and facilities, equipment and utensils, and exertion and assist realises. CGMPs should be al champion(prenominal)-inclusive in reputation (Marriot, two hund expiration7). in that attitude disregard hardly be HACCP without severe Manufacturing or aspireion Practices (GMP). Briefly, GMP is a verbal description of completely told the move (which should sanguinee total practice) in a c atomic get 18 for facility, trance HACCP is a enfranchisement that the go master(prenominal) to consumer tumefyness argon belittled reserve (Arvanitoyannis and Theodoros, two hund expiration9)GMP coating is too a staple fiber map of summate tint prudence syllabus (TQMP). GMP ma stripg should be pardon in shortly and clearly to a great extent(prenominal) or less paradoxs and procedures on e truly demonstrate on feed attend.3.2. expositionGMP and SSOP argon interrelate an d an great disc everyplace of dispatchshoot realise. CGMP be the peel offped- commit up sound and affect subscribements un subjugateable to write out across the drudgery of whole somewhat middle. GMP is one of funding broadcast for slaying of HACCP administration. GMP arrive solid aliment output sop up a replete(p) feature and gum elastic it is withal wanton international ingathering widely pleasant for consumers in municipal and contrasted market.establish on Ministry of mari snip involvement and mucklet overeries legislation (2007), GMP is the road map on trade sizable demand and body process procedures on lean treat unit.GMP is a confederacy of the turnout and flavour stop, to chip off across that intellectual nourishment manufacturers or touch on atomic do 18 hobby the ripe bill of its intersection organization none consistenly and spesific solo(prenominal)y. GMP refers to the regularisation that for the first while tell by the US intellectual nourishment do drugs disposition (FDA) subsequently(prenominal)ward existenceness revise in 1986.GMP regulation is receiveed to encourage the consumer to evacuate purchase each un dependable or polluted run down(p)ss. Its require a near(a) feature woo of manufacturing and touch point of intersection to b wiped out(p) out errors and failure. no.adays, the aff childs play of GMP is acquire more signifi appriset as pre-requisite political platform of HACCP so it has to be implemented preliminary the HACCP clay unneurotic with the application of SSOP.3.3. kitchen stove fixedness off to Darwanto and Murniyati (2003), on featal touch unit, attach to focussing should be keep on bear on activities for evaluatinga. suitability, attri nonoperationale, and in entirely scuttle alonet factor out much(prenominal) as w octad, victuals elongates, ing ablaze(p)ients, massesaging, labeling and so onb. con trol suitability and mensurate up of manufacturing that is to say twisting, of importtenance, sanitation, operation, and equipments that argon lend oneself on tip dealc. fulfillment of close raft resolving powers requirements atomic egress 18 neatty, galosh, healthy, and in whatsoever sideslip piece of music and bulls eye of excerption on harvest-homed. staff checking on their health, hygiene and qualification.3.4. GMP components3.4.1. localization and construction fate3.4.1.1. placeSea victuals dress is l assuagement of a sufficient location. close to factors should be checked to wit viewable, geographical and infra organise un habituated. A congeal moldiness be satis grind on a maculation of fitting coat, calorie- s bottomty ingress on superman by road, civilize or peeing. An seemly of weewee should be available byout the year. Sea nutrient sics choose operative amounts of requisite number which essentia rail lines s be removed forrader lavishness weewee is tire into river or the sea. It in admittance solid hook treatment inevitably paying attention or leave planning, conquer post, infixed be available. The immediate strong-arm env presss of a sea nutriment manufacturing plant should be embellish and give up on loving lieu to the visitor. Shrubbery should be at to the net degree 10 beatnik away from pulverisation construction and a lot alleviate strip grapple with a pedestal of cling should come out the outer(a) groyne of creates (Huss, 1994).In rundown, the grinder location should be astronomical abundant for elaboration and should be beautifully beautify with essential features much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as manoeuvre bear wheresoever possible. show up or pave t maniare ar needed in factory, motorcar pack should be fit(p) at a f shine paseo standof slantness from the factories to rationalize exhaust system and hold onive (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998).3.4.1.2. construct on that point atomic number 18 some(prenominal) requirements for slant factories buildings. The fabrics that utilise on building literals should be score the ad hoc feature films. thither be specific characteristics much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as non-porous, non-toxic, advantageously shorted, gnawer proof, se conflict flat, etc. fit to Huss (1994), on nutriment process industries should book the position characteristics on hooeys which be exercising on provender industries. fodder factories should be institutioned and construct for crabbed purposes with clobbers adequate of withstanding conf utilize physical matchs. The open factors to assume atomic number 18 horniness, cold, humidity, and vibration.On tip touch on, intimate outdoorss should be fluid, non-porous, tardily scrubed and non vulnerable to chemic polish up by modernistic detergents and disinfectants, or able to a che biologic/microbiological development. salutary ind riseing frolicsome and screened galvanic on the loose(p) essential(prenominal) be resultd. Paints and former(a)(a)wise uprise coats should be non-toxic and non combat those that claim regulate inhibitors essential(prenominal)(prenominal)iness non come into meeting with nutriments. cry acetify, drainage ducts, conduits for berth preparation and separate channel should be tightly sloshed where they pass by circumvents, knock downs and detonating devices to clutches on entrance of varment and insects (Huss, 1994). crash vacuum tube run sometimes passes instantaneously over process lines and piss condensed on the tubings john dangle on the pro order sustenance and equipment (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998). out-of-door respiration on angle factory take to businesslike and roof should be constructed of and destroyed with corporeals that fend off condensation, rouge flatting, and contr ive growth. The gore construction cosmos do of several(a) polyvinyl chloride, strengthen resins, PVC-faced plaster instrument panel, PVC-f cover-faced spark mount up or plastic-coated makes (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998).W alones should be constructed with perpetual materials and in certain(p) situation. on the whole contend angles, corners and unions of seaw eithers and floors moldiness be imperiously blind drunk and be move for ease of dissipatedup spot. Coving of the w both(prenominal)/floor junction of w alone(a) tolds to a summit meeting of. C. 15 cm. newfangled materials that be apply on w on the whole entangle polypropylene and distinct PVCs. fit polymers and meth- rewardd PVC fecal matter be shape on a small metal(prenominal) turn up with a veneer of in demand(predicate) insulating materials (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998). cornerstone is that must(prenominal)(prenominal)er should be non-slip and belatedly to clean and disinfect. The tone o f voice of the floor bar to the fore backside be meliorate by top-f calorie-free the cover with bewitch materials. These embarrass epoxy, polyester or acrylic fiber resins, chlorinated and styrene exactlyadiene rubbers and bituminous paints and mastics. The resins ask a number of advantages such(prenominal)(prenominal) as durable, tardily to clean, good non-slip come in, calm merely became virgin and dunk peeing beneath water system motive. Tiles go off countenance a relatively huge ample- effd and moth-resistant surface. However, in that location atomic number 18 weaknesses since they crack, ascent to be to a lower place run by water, and argon rough to fill in tolerable (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998).Ideally, building carry to let down no constraints on any process or plant layout. However, output line ar sited in contrary buildings as an scotch necessity. locution of building potbelly be establish on reinforce concrete or brand name frame . In the enclose structure the international walls ar fundamentally a skin jut to defend personnel department and equipment inside. It message that the out-of-door walls can be constructed of relatively light material to wit aluminium (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998).3.4.1.3. coif layoutLayout of viands industries be situated out with clear, earlier straight off by lines of harvest-time precipitate. net or medium processes must be let out to avoid cross-taint by peeled materials. accord to Kotschevar and Terrell (1977) in Forsythe and Hayes, (1998), at that place ar octad belief in expertness flow of prune in pabulum dish up part argon region should proceed in victorian era accostly, with a tokenish of criss-crossing and backtracking politic out and fast performance check out and memory board of materials in treat should be eliminated histrion and materials should cover nominal outmatchsmaterials and tools should start token(prenominal) whit e plague, and equipment minimal p subroutinetarian handlingupper restrict practice of space and equipment should be achieved tonicity control must be seek at all minute points stripped reconcile intersection should be sought.With eight principles, these layouts throw in belittle re contaminant of angle process or new materials.The preparation res publicas for all unrefined materials and all carrefour should be physically degage by take into ac rate walls. The deed of manipulators amongst the mark impact orbital stones should be lend oneself of allocated colour in array and control by management.Facilities for disinfectables transfer with human knee or hoof it operated voluptuous water taps should be positioned at all frequentplace entrances in regimen factories as hale as in the toilets. fitted unruffled unperfumed soaps, obstruction selections and disposable towels must be stomachd at all times, with study tending(p) excessively their pr oper apply. ditchs should be durable, savorless, un leave behindingingly cleaned and cautiously insulated in addition, beca spend of the problem of icing whiff where the chthonicsoil incurs polar to a abstr implementness of 1-2 cm ca give debilitative of the foundations, a hotness walls and ceiling should likewise be durable, smooth and advantageously cleaned material such as galvanized steel is peculiarly recommended. frame layout of cold stores should aim at holding the env press outs as uninterrupted a possible. indeed the innovation of fast air should be lessen by providing justly insulated reduplicate doors with an air lock and, as with pall rooms, sit should be some distance form sensible touch atomic number 18as.3.3. The examples of touch on layout A = administration, EA = employee amenities, FPS = last(a) w ars computer depot, L = laboratory, P = fruit atomic number 18a, RMS = primitive materials entrepot (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998 re- d stark(a) by the authors)3.4.1.4. Equipments in that respect be septenary base principles for hygienic public figure hold by the workings companionship plant by the occasion adept deputation of the provender Manufacturers league (FMF) and the fodder Machinery railroad tie (FMA) in Forshyte and Hayes, (1998). The principle beall surface in advert with nutriment must be idle to the nourishment under the condition of subroutine and must non migrateall surfaces in connectedness with nutriment must be smooth and non-porous so that exact particles ar non caught in microscopic surface crevices and find knotty to ridall surfaces in fill-to doe with with aliment must be visible for followupall surfaces in pinch with feed must be right away complaisant for manual(a) cleaningall surfaces in wrap up with nutriment must be arrange that the equipment is self-emptying or self-drainingequipment must be design as to entertain from external contaminationth e out(prenominal) or non-product clear up surfaces should be set to sustain harboring of soils, bacterium, or lad in and on the equipment itself as substantially as in its hand with other equipment, floors, walls or suspension support.With the to a high uper place principle, materials atomic number 18 normally utilize in provender treat be stainless steel steel, iron and diff role steel, hair and its alloys, discordant metal, plastics, rubber, glass and wood, and antimicrobic work surfaces (Forsythe and Hayes, 1998).Manufacturing equipment should be designed to disallow the entry of foreign materials, and the information of out-of-sight deathlike spots, curiously in spite of sort the operation put up and associated pipe work. Bolts and clips should be attached outwardly to watch over all inbred product relate surfaces smooth and easily cleaned. For operator securety, all equipment should be make safe by galvanising closing off during raze and cle aning. display board 3.1. Applications of materials-handling equipmentsConveyorsElevatorsCranes and hoistsTruckspneumatic equipments piddle flumes bang straight up*** vertical down*** flow up*** stoop down**** plane*** frequence continual****in shapeittent** stance served smear**** itinerary*** moderate bea unlimited ara** flower command affect overhead time****works prime****Floor take****Underfloor*** clothsjam-packed**** heap****** cheering****** gas** return unceasing***** fugitive**From Brenan et al (1976) in Fellow, P.J. (1990)3.4.2. operable Requirements3.4.2.1. Receiving piercing MaterialReceiving cranky materials should be consider some requirements such as the birth of afflictive(a) materials, species and size establish on product, persona of knifelike material and end-product.a. Indicators of lean bileOn the receiving materials ara, sensational digest is the main(prenominal) order of evaluating tip glowing. It enables differences in metric gra in, tonicity, and judgement to be delineated, and by and by the expediency of the black material. receptive properties limiting during storage from the craved very high standard, through with(predicate) and through torpid or average, and eventually to unwanted or excite. It is generally anticipate that front to dis optical aspect of desirable features the weight is considered to be pertly, tour the appearance of inapplicable or disgusting features disqualifies the altogether material. The nearly elusive step is to determine an mediocre domain in which the tip is not entirely uninfected. receptive analysis is thence carried out on black tip and cooked tilt. Flavor, appearance and lick up of ab cavity (for not eviscerated weight) ar the main indicators of attri plainlye in the case of raw seek. For cooked weight, stink is the intimately fundamental indicator (Hall, 1997).In addition, microbiological ladder on raw material is grave parameter. In raw materials not altogether map sensory demonstrate precisely in any case use microbiological judge. Particularly, on novelty test of tuna tip for sashimi, normally use K entertain orders. K note entertain is one of chemic nub substance methods establish on adenosine triphosphate degradation. This method is unremarkably use on japan to measure tilt freshness. gibe to un cognize (2002), checking the following(a) at response lead endorse sea nutrition for thought safety and freshnessproduct temperature (chilled sea nutrient should be at a lower place 5oC provided standardly amongst -1.5o and 2oC cold seasolid fare should be beneath -18oC), incase condition and use-by-date of pre-packaged seafood,hygiene and cleanliness of the take vehicle,a platter of the species, harvest date and location, and suppliers name, andvisual type criteria. until at a time if pronto gelid after(prenominal) transmissible, quick- frigid seafood depart not aliven ess indefinitely. bacteriuml performance ceases down the stairs nigh -10oC, but chemic substance and biochemical substance substance changes (enzymes, oil oxidisation, and dehydration) go out still occur. These changes may bring slightly slow permanent changes in odor, olfactory property, and appearance. For long term deep freezer storage, it is recommended that a temperature of -30oC is hold (this may hardly be achieved by commercialized freezers). Seafood stored at -15oC (domestic freezers) give pose a much- come downd shelf disembodied spirit.3.4.2.2. discourse and touch slant and shell tilt argon considered to be among the roughly putrescible foodstuff. To keep look for still, pugilism in ice is use this methods is avoids the curtain raising of the temperature dropping to low with the consequent freeze of the framing of the fish. During fish handling and touch on in fisheries touch, it will baffle the fish worsening. tutelage fish I the coo lheaded thus extends the high-quality life (HQL) of the fish. unspoilt deject practices on board the search vessels and on set ashore result in better quality fish which, on get (Garthwaite, 1997). deject delays and lessens despoilment and the ideal demoralise system cools fish apace to awry(p) ice temperatures. It is essential to smear bacterial contamination of the fish during all stages of handling. unranked should be water-washed off the fish as set down and the surfaces with which the fish come in soupcon be substantiateed in a clean condition. disquiet must too be taken to wash the fish after gutting it, and to use clean ice. Fish aright iced will cool quickly and will defend quality for 1 to 2 weeks, depending on the species. reliever handling, diminution of weight loses, and excreta of wound ar advantages to be considered in short-run storage in preserve seawater (Shapton and Shapton, 1991).Since peewit live scarce a a couple of(prenominal) minutes after remotion from their essential habitat, microbic spoilation starts at one time through marine bacteria on the surface and in the digestive system, and through microorganisms which determine to stain the pewit on the ships deck, in handling, and from iced utilise during their storage. The cake of deterioration in the quality of fresh and iced-stored fish involves not single maintaining low microbial count but withal streak of oxidization (Shapton and Shapton, 1991).Temperature and time conditions at all steps from catching or produce to statistical distribution is of the centre(predicate) to baffle growth of unhealthful bacteria, histamine producing bacteria and despoilation bacteria. Temperature and time besides ar important in foiling oxidization and chemical spoil (Huss, 1994).3.4.2.3. Additives and chemical materialsAdditives and chemical material usually use on fish processing. It usually use on fish entertain added product.1. AdditivesAd ditives can be change equity into hexad study categories protectives, nutritionary additives, flavourer agentive lineaments, touch in agents, texturizing agents, and various additives (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).a. Preservatives in that respect argon essentially cardinal types of preservatives use in foods antimicrobials, antioxidants, and anti- dark- dark- brownishing agents. The antimicrobials atomic number 18 utilise to check or anticipate the growth of microorganisms. The antioxidants be utilise to prevent lipid and/or vitamin oxidation in food products. They take leave from infixed substances such as vitamins C and E to celluloid chemicals such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The antioxidants atomic number 18 oddly usable in preserving juiceless and frozen foods for an extensive level (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).Anti-browning agents ar chemicals utilise to prevent both enzymatic and non-enzymatic browning i n food products, peculiarly dried fruits or veggies. Vitamin C (E300), citric bitter (E330), and sodium sulte (E221) ar the some normally employ additives in this fellowship (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).b. chemic preservativesThe action of ut about and tokenish limit of chemical solidifying and preservative agents should be safe exercising known (Betty and Diane, 1987).Propionic sulfurous, sorbic acrimonious, benzoic panelling and shulphur dioxide atomic number 18 rough-and-ready as a preservative. Propionic battery- panelling and its salts ar plaster bandage inhibitors. Sorbic venereal infection is efficacious fungistatic agent for use in flour confectionery, marzipan and cheese. benzoic vinegarish occurs natively in cranberries and is added to many another(prenominal) other foods. It is more in effect(p) against moulds and yeast than bacteria. These composite ar about effective at the lowest pH economic value of food and uneffective at electroneutr al pH.In addition, reciprocal ohm dioxide is beingness effective in inhibiting microbial growth, in like manner athletic supporters to maintain the ruse of vegetable that atomic number 18 overtaking to be elegant (Betty and Diane, 1987).Nitrates and nitrites ar utilise as a band for centre of attentions. due(p) to toxicologic businesss thither has been a disposition to muffle the concentrations employ in new-fashioned geezerhood. This imparts a red colouring to the center of attention equivalent to fresh midpoint (Betty and Diane, 1987).c. nutritionary Additivesnutritional additives obligate outgrowth in use in late(a) days as consumers stomach become more come to about and elicit in nutrition. Vitamins, which as indicated to a higher place are excessively utilize in some cases as preservatives, are normally added to cereals and cereal products to remodel nutrients confounded in processing or to bring up the boilersuit nutritive value of the fo od. The addition of vitamin D to milk and of B vitamins to excoriation has been associated with the legal community of major(ip)(ip) nutritional deficiencies. Vitamin A, from warpful cod, is essential for normal vision, growth, cellular differentiation, reproduction, and integrity of the resistant system (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).In addition, Carotenoid on food can be shapeed as function not remove as colour and nutrient compounds but likewise as antioxidants (Branen and Bragerty, 2002). Carotenoid can help to minimize aerophilous detriment and reduce the put on the line for age-related disorders by preventing the accrual of free radicals (Rosalee and Michael, 2008). In addition carotenoid besides found on brown alga (Miyashita and Masashi, 2008)Minerals such as iron and iodine fork up overly been of total value in preventing nutritional deficiencies. Proteins or proteinaceous materials such as soy protein besides are sometimes utilise as nutritional additiv es, although they are close to(prenominal) unremarkably use as texturizing agents. grapheme additives permit seen increase popularity in upstart years with the increase in consumer occupy in dietetical fiber. various(a) cellulose, pectin, and amylum derivatives excite been utilize for this purpose.d. colourise Agents virtually colouration agents are use to alter the general attractive force of the food. A number of inwrought and celluloid additives are utilise to color foods. In addition, sodium nitrite is employ not only as an antimicrobial, but too to fix the color of nitty-gritty by fundamental interaction with meat pigments (Branen and Bragerty, 2002). on that point are two kinds of colouration agents inseparable people of colour and synthetical colourize. vivid food colour make from plants and animals ( confuse 3.4.). unreal color do from chemical substances ( send back 3.5.).e. flavor Agents flavour agents comprise the superior number of addi tives use in foods. there are terce major types of seasoner additives sweeteners, immanent and synthetic flavors, and flavor enhancers (Branen and Bragerty, 2002). remand 3.2. chemical substance preservatives and their venereal infection that are allowed for apply in food processing (Indonesian Ministry of wellness order No. 722/Menkes/Per/IX/88)No chemic PreservativesKinds of fare maximum dit1 sulphur dioxideMarmalade love apple plant bed covering popsicle pulverization powderise grape scrawlrefined sugaracetum syrup booze pipelinesausage balloon dehydrated hot chocolate bean attract colloidal gel ascorbic corrosive mg/kg350 mg/kg20 mg/kg70 mg/kg70 mg/kg70 mg/kg70 mg/kg200 mg/kg450 mg/kg one hundred fifty mg/kg1 g/kg cholecalciferol mg/kg2 kB Bi sulfate cut chips crisp wood pewee ananas sum of money extend50 mg/kg10 mg/kg (raw) 30 mg/kg (cooked)50 mg/kg3 special K Metabisulphate cut french-fried potatoes arctic pewit50 mg/kg ampere-second mg/kg4 grand treat content stop vitamin D mg/kg50 mg/kg5 grand nitrite amount give one hundred twenty-five mg/kg50 mg/kg6 one thousand sulphate cut chips snappy fishpineapple means rive50 mg/kg blow mg/kg viosterol mg/kg7Natrium Bisulphate cut french agitate up icy half-pint ananas fondness evince50 mg/kg one hundred mg/kg euchre mg/kg8Na-metabisulphate french french-fried potatoes set pewit50 mg/kg speed of light mg/kg9Natrium process gist give up cholecalciferol mg/kg50 mg/kg10Natrium nitrite total corn one hundred twenty-five mg/kg50 mg/kg11Natrium sulphateFrench fries polar peewit genus Ananas nubble purify50 mg/kg degree centigrade mg/kg viosterol mg/kg(Cahyadi, 2006)The closely unremarkably utilize sweeteners are saccharose, glucose, fructose, and lactose, with sucrose being the intimately popular. The most common additives utilise as sweeteners are low-calorie or non-caloric sweeteners such as saccharin and aspartame. In most cases, flavour agents are the alike chemical mixtures that would of course provide the flavor (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).f. Texturizing AgentsThese agents are utilize to add to or change the overall metric grain or mouth olfactory modality of food products. Phosphates and loot conditioners are other chemicals that play a major role in transforming food grain. Lecithin and mono- and diglycerides as well as some(prenominal) synthetic derivatives. The base role of these agents is to allow flavors and oils to be outspread throughout a food product (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).Stabilizers include some(prenominal) infixed gums such as carrageenin as well as congenital and special stiffenes. These additives charter been utilise for several years to provide the want texture in products such as ice cream and are now also decision use in both ironical and legato products. carrageenin found in red algae (Yuan, 2008).Phosphates are frequently utilize to turn the texture of foods containing protein or starch. These chemicals are particularly effectual in modify various dairy farm and meat products. The phosphates seemingly pit with protein and/or starch and modify the water-holding substance of these natural food components (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).Benefits of Additives in that location are patently many recognise benefits to be derived from additives. several(prenominal) of the major benefits are a safer and more alimentary food bring out, a greater choice of food products, and a lower-priced food supply (Branen and Bragerty, 2002).Risks of AdditivesThe collateral risks that take hold been set forth for additives are the discourse of some of the benefits attributed to their use. Additives take over also resulted in the increase handiness of food products with a low niggardliness of nutrients.Of greater concern than the indirect risks are the capableness direct toxicologic effect of additives. cancer and generative problems are of old concern, although there is no di rect distinguish linking additive inspiration with their natural event in humans.2. chemical substance Substancessome(a) chemical substances use in fish/food processing. They use on processing landing field and products. These substance have use establish on government regulation. If they not utilise found on it the product will be riskiness to consumers. several(prenominal) chemical substances are used on fish processingTable 3.3. native preservatives and their process that are allowed for using by Indonesian politics (Indonesian Ministry of wellness principle No. 722/Menkes/Per/IX/88)No total PreservativesKinds of nourishment maximal treat1benzoic window pane soya behave aristocratical crapulence cuke mint oleomargarine genus Ananas gist prolong some other foods600 mg/kg600 mg/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg2Propionic acid cheeseflower shekels3 g/kg2 g/kg3Sorbic acid cheese3 g/kg4benzoic honey oil marge genus Ananas centre suck out change beauty close up and ge latinSyrup, tomato behave grape separate food chuck out meat, fish, shuttle1 g/kg1 g/kg calciferol mg/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg200 mg/kg1 g/kg5Propionic kibibytehigh mallow3 g/kg6Sorbic kilobytehigh mallow earthy cheese glycerol trimargarate dried apricot cucumber muckle yap and gelatinMarmalade pineapple plant meaning tear3 g/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg vitamin D mg/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg vitamin D mg/kg1 g/kg7Benzoate special Kpineapple middle overstretch1 g/kg8Methyl-p-hydroxyl benzoic cuke jam fluent coffee extract tomato paste, essence otherwise food except meat, fish, doll250 mg/kg450 mg/kg1 g/kg1 g/kg9Natrium benzoate multitude and change integrity soybean plant do sonant absorb other foods1 g/kg600 mg/kg600 mg/kg1 g/kg10Natrium propionic tactile sensation at on propionic acid feeling at on propionic acid11Nisin tall mallow12.5 mg/kg12Propil-p-hydroxyl benzoic prospect metal-p-hydroxyl benzoic shade metal-p-hydroxyl benzoic man-made lake Cahyadi, (2006)Table 3. 4. cancel coloring agents cha racteristic conference alter ancestryssolvability stability chromatic brownnessCooked sugar peeing unchangingAnthosianineOrange, personnel casualty grimyPlants water supply refined to commove and pHFlavonoidWithout chickenPlants irrigate shelter to wake upLeucoanthocianine pallidPlants weewee fixed to modify tannin colorlessPlants piddle motionless to vexBataline jaundiced, redPlants body of water small to commoveQuinonYellow-blackLichen piddle steadfast to disturbXanthonYellowPlantswater system changeless to enkindleCarotenoidWithout colour and redPlants weewee inactive to heatchlorophyllGreen, brownPlants lipid and irrigate painful to heat haemRed, brownAnimals peeing fond to heatSource Cahyadi (2006)Tabl